Michael Chadwick is the former director of the Stockholm Environment Institute and LEAD-Europe and a former Senior Research Associate at Stockholm Environment Institute-York. He has held posts in the Universities of Cambridge and York in the UK, where his research centered on sustainability issues relating to mining and the environment. He developed a coordinated abatement strategy model for emissions to the atmosphere of acidic substances and their cost effective control, working with the Long Range Transboundary Atmospheric Pollution Convention. He now works as a private consultant on environmental matters, most recently with MISTRA in Sweden, the IPCC, and the European Union and with the Rockefeller Foundation on poverty alleviation and sustainable livelihoods.